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 Making Magnets

There is a picture of a smith hammering steel to make a magnet, in a book called De Magnete written by Queen Elizabeth I's physician Dr William Gilbert.

Heating and hammering with a steel bar in a North-South direction can make a magnet.
       
 

 
This causes the molecules to line up in the North-South orientation.  
       
Stroking a piece of unmagnetised iron or steel with a known magnet can make it into a magnet.

 
This causes the molecules to line up in the North-South orientation.  
 

  
   
Placing a magnet alongside a non-magnetised steel knitting needle for some time will magnetise it.

 
This causes the molecules to line up in the North-South orientation.  
 

 

   
Placing an object such as a non-magnetised steel knitting needle in a north-south position will allow it to become a magnet through the influence of the earth's magnetic field.

 
This causes the molecules to line up in the North-South orientation.